Hydrocarbon-motor



C. R. SHORT.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR, APPLICATION FILED 050.10, 19m

Patented May 10, 1921 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

M mg INVENTOR ATES rise.

CHARLES R. SHORT, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION, 013 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

\ HYDROCARBON-MOTOR.

The invention relates to improvements in hydrocarbon motors, and more particularly to fuel feeding devices therefor.

One of the objects of the invention is to devise a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors which will permit the use of the vise a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors. which will be maintained at an efficient working temperature, irrespective of climatic conditions.

Another object of this invention is to devise a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors which will be economic and eflicient under varying-load or speed conditions of the motor.

Another object of the invention is to devise a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors which will be readily assembled, disassembled or cleaned.

Another object of the invention is to devise a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors which will be of simple and durable construction, and comprising few parts.

Another object of the invention is to devise'a fuel feeding device for hydrocarbon motors which ,will be automatically controlled with reference to fuel and temperature.

Another object of the invention is to devise a fuel feeding 'device for hydrocarbon motors which will promptly respond for starting purposes.

. These and other objects will more clearly appear from the following descriptions taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification and in which: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a hydrocarbon motor showing the fuel feeding device. attached thereto. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed December 10, 1917.

Patented May 10, 1921.

Serial No. 206,442.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional View of-the fuel feeding device.

F 1g. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a thermostat and its mounting for controlling the temperature of the fuel feeding device.

Like numerals of refern'ce indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings10 is a hydrocarbon motor of any desired type having the intake ports 11 and the exhaust ports 12, shown in dotted lines, said ports being controlled by suitable valves 13, shown as of the overhead type.

The intake ports 11 'and exhaust ports 12 are provided with manifolds 14 and 15 respectively, said manifolds being shown in the drawings as integral, though it must be understood that any desired form or arrangement of manifolds may be used, and the construtcion thereof is not an essential part of the invention. The intake manifold 14 has a downwardly turned'section 1.6,

enlarged toward its lower nd to form a mixmg chamber 17, and provided with the customary throttle valve 18.

y The mixing chamber 17 of the intake manifold is further enlarged at 19 to form a valve chamber, and has the heating chamber 20 arranged therebeneath and preferably formed ofa casting 21, substantially rectangular in shape and provided with the openings 22 and 23 at the top thereof and the openings 24 and 25 at the bottom thereof, said casting being secured. to the enlarged portion 19. ofthe intake manifold forming the valve chamber, as by the bolts 26 inserted through portions of the valve chamber wall and threaded into correspondingly threaded orifices inth lugs 27 on the top of the heating chamber, whereby auxiliary or secondary air inlet ports 28, through normally closed, said valve'having an upwardly extending cylindrical portion 31 adapted to telescope into the mixing chamber, and being provided with spider arms 32 supporting a-central boss 33 in which the upper end of a metering pin 34 is secured and which metering pin extends downwardly therefrom, for the purpose as hereinafter fully described.

The opening 24 of the heating chamber has a fuel supply chamber 35 connected therewith, said supply chamber comprising a central bushing 36 having the upper end thereof threaded into the correspondingly threaded openingw24 and having the flan e 37 extending laterally therefrom imme iately below the heating chamber and forming the cover for the shell 38 of the fuel chamber, said shell being secured in place as by a funnel piece 39, threaded onto the correspondingly threaded lower end of the bushing 36 and abutting the bottom of the shell 38, whereby the same is firmly pressed against the flange 37. The bushing 36 of the fuel chamber is provided with the orifice 4O therethrough, said orifice being enlarged toward the lower end thereof asat 41, whereby the nozzle 42 may be supported therein as by the laterally extending section 43, formed integral witha side wall of the enlarged orifice 41 in the bushing member. The nozzle 42 is provided with a tip 44 extending upwardly and concentrically into the orifice 40 of the bushing member 36.

Extending between the orifice 40 of the bushing member and the opening 22 in the top of the heating chamber is a straight tube or conduit 45 forming a direct duct along which air and atomized liquid fuel may flow to the mixing chamber 17; the open lower end of the funnel 39 and the passage 41 providing a primary air inlet passage or port extending past the'nozzle tip 44 and into the lower end of the conduit 45, whereby a rich preliminary mixture of air and fuel will be formed, to which mixture addi tional air will be supplied through the auxiliary' air inlet ports 28 above referred to. The tube 45, toward the upper end thereof, is swaged into the top 0 the opening 22 of the heating ghamber, and extends up,-

wardly in a flare about the central boss 33 a of the'valve 30.

' The lower end of the tube 45 is fitted into- .the orifice 40 of the bushing member 36 of The tube. 45 has a, spider 46 arranged therein adjacent its upper end and through which themetering pin 34-, attached to the valve as hereinbefore described, extends downwardly with the pointed lower end fuel by any of the well known means,

although preferably 'by the valve mechanism shown in the drawings.

The fuel feeding valve mechanism, as

. shown, is arranged in the laterally extending portion 48 of the fuel chamber, said extension 48 having the threaded orifice 49 in the top thereofand the threaded orifice 50 in the bottom thereof. The opening 50 is fitted with the correspondingly threaded bushing 51 having the needle valve orifice 52 therethrough enlarged at its lower end and threaded as at 53, said lower end being fitted with the plug member 54 having the tubular stem 55 threaded into the correspondingl threaded orifice 53 of the bushing 51, the a joining surfaces of the bushing 51 and plug member 54 being ground to properly clamp the fuel feeding piece 56 at the respective 8 ends of the T to complete li uid-tight joints.

The tubular portion 55' o the plug member has the lateral orifices 57 therethrough, and further is surrounded by the mesh 58,

forming a tubular screen whereby a liquid 1 hydrocarbon. may be fed through the branch 59 of the T piece, and will be strained through the tubular sieve to the center of the T section, and thus find its way to the needle valveorifice of the plug member 51.

The threaded orifice 49 of the fuel'chamber extension 48 is fitted with a bushing pivoted arm 62 and float 63, as customary in' carbureter construction, the float being so arranged in the fuel chamber that the proper level of fuel will be maintained therein in accordance with the height of the nozzle tip 44. x

The opening 23 of the heating chamber 20 is connected in any suitable manner with the exhaust of the motor, preferably as shown in the drawings, by being attached, as by bolts 64, directly to the manifold outlet, whereby all of the exhaust gases may be passed through the heating chamber if required, and the heating effect of said gases on the tube 45 is controlledv by directing adamper 65 arranged therein for this purpose and whereby varying portions of the exhaust gas entering said chamber may be caused to flow past the said tube.

their course through the chamber, which has The damper 65 is fixedly mounted on a shaft 66 extending through the chamber walls, whereby'the damper may be swung to one side of the chamber, as shown in Fig. 2

they are permitted to pass out of the open-.

ing 25, which may be connected, as by bolts 68 with an exhaust pipe. When the damper 65 is swung to a vertical position,

as shown in'dotted lines in Fig. 2, the exhaust gases entering the heating chamber will find a clear passage therethrough to the outlet opening 25.

above the mixing chamber.

The shaft of the damper 65 may be connected by suitable levers 68 and 69 whereby the damper may be manually operated, though it is preferable to have said damper :connected, as by the lever 70 and link rod 71, to one end of a rocker arm 72, and having the other end thereof connected, as at 73, to the lower end of the thermostat 74 contained within the ,casing7 5, forming a part of the intake manifold immediately be understood that the thermostat may be set to operate the damperand so direct the gases through the heating chamber, and that the tube 45 will be maintained at any desired temperature.

The air which enters the funnel member 39'will pass the nozzle tip 44 at a comparatively high velocity and carry particles of the hydrocarbon fuel from the nozzle on through the tube 45, wherein a very rich gas is thus formed and heated to a degree of permanency. This rich gas mixture has a direct and uninterrupted passage through the tube or duct 45 to the mixing chamber,

where additional air is permitted to enter as required through the ports 28. This air, though comparatively cool, will readily mix with the rich gas emanating from the tube or duct and complete a combustible mixture at a comparatively low temperature, whereby the motor cylinders will be properly filled in accordance with their volumetric dimensions. .At'any time the motor speed is suddenly reduced, the valve 30 will lower a corresponding degree, and coincidentally the metering pin will reduce the nozzle opening, thereby preventing any excesshydrocarbon entering the heated tube to generate gas with a smoking effect. I

For starting the motor during comparatively cold climatic conditions, it may be preferable to electrically heat the tube 45,

and this may be readily accomplished by forming the same of a suitable resistance metal and connecting it with a source of electric current, as at 76, the lower end of said tube being insulated as hereinbefore ex- It will thus plained, whereby the current will flow up-- said heating chamber; an adjustable damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of a heating medium entering said chamber through said inlet opening to flow past said conduit; means for supplying atomized liquid fuel to one end of-said conduit; a mixing chamber atthe other end of and, into'which said conduit discharges; an air inlet port leading into said mixing chamber; and a valve for controlling said air inlet port.

2. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an outlet opening; a conduit extending through said chamber; an adjustable damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of a heating medium entering said chamber through said inlet opening to flow past said conduit; means for supplying atomized liquid fuel to one end of said conduit; a mixing chamber at the other end of and into which said conduit discharges; an air inlet port leading into said mixing chamber from the external atmosphere; and a suction operated valve for controlling said air inlet port.

3. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an outlet opening; a conduit extending through said heating chamber; an adjustable damper =let opening; a conduit extending through located within said heating chamber and 7 seat to control the flow of air into said mix- 1ng chamber.

4. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an outlet -opening; a conduit extending through said heating chamber; an adjustable damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of exhaust gases from an engine entering said chamber throughsaid inlet opening to flow past said conduit; thermostatic and' manually operable means'both operatively connected with said damper for operating the same; and means for supplying atomized liquid fuel to said conduit.

5. .In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an outlet opening; a conduit extendin through said heating chamber; an adj ustab e damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to c ause var.ying portions of exhaust gases from an engine entering said chamber through said inlet opening to flow past said conduit; thermostatic and manually operable means both operatively connected with said damper for operatin the same; means for supplying atomized liquid fuel to one end of said conduit; a mixing chamber at the other end thereof and into which said conduit discharges; an air inlet port leading into said mixing chamber; and a suction operated valve for controlling said air inlet port.

6. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an outlet opening through which exhaust gases may flow into and from the same; a conduit extending through said heating chamber; a thermostatically controlled damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of the exhaust gases aforesaid to flow past said conduit; a nozzle located adjacent the inlet end of said conduit; and a primary air inlet port extending past said nozzle and whereby a preliminary mixture of air and liquid fuel is formed; a mixing chamber located adjacent the outlet end of and into which said conduit discharges; and means for admitting additional' air to said mixing chamber.

7. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having an inlet and an out- 'let opening through which exhaust gases may flow into and from the same; a vertically'arranged straight conduit extending through said heating chamber; a thermostatically controlled damper located Within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of the exhaust gases aforesaid to flow past said conduit; a nozzle located adjacent the lower end of said conduit; a primary air inlet port extending past said nozzle and whereby a preliminary mixture of air and liquid fuel is formed; a mixing chamber located adjacent the upper end of and into which said conduit dis charges; a valve seat surrounding the up of air through said passage; and a metering pin carried by said valve and the lower end of which extends into said nozzle.

8. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor having intake and exhaust manifolds, of a fuel supply device having" a secondary air intake communicating with said intake manifold, and a primary air inlet port, a jacketed conduit extending from said primary port to said intake manifold, means for supplying a hydrocarbon to said conduit, and means for electrically heating said conduit.

9. A device of the class described comprising a mixing chamber, means for supplying air to said mixing chamber, a jacketed vaporizing conduit communicating with said chamber, means for supplying air to said conduit, means for feeding a hydrocarbon to said conduit, and electric means for heating said conduit.

10. In a device of the class described, a heating chamber having inlet and outlet openings through which exhaust gases may flow 'into and from the same; an adjustable damper located within said heating chamber and adapted to cause varying portions of exhaust gases entering said chamber through said inlet opening to flow past said conduit; a vaporizing conduit extending through said heating chamber and adapted to be heated by the exhaust gases flowing therethrough; means for supplying atomized liquid fuel to the interior of said conduit;

means for electrically insulating one end of sald condult; and means for causing a current of electricity to flow from the insulated end or" said conduit through the same and through the wall of said chamber to thereby electrically heat said conduit.

11. A device of the class described com prising a mixing chamber having air inlet port openings, a valve controlling said. .port openings, a fuel supply chamber beneath said mixing chamber, a conduit connecting said fuel supply chamber with said mixing chamber and having means for supplying fuel thereto from said fuel chamber, a heating chamber arranged about said conduit between said mixing chamber and said fuel supply chamber and having inlet and outlet openings therein and a spirally arranged batlle flange about the interior there of for directing the course of gases about said conduit, means for supplying heat to said heat chamber inlet opening, a damper arranged in said heat chamber and adjust-l able to direct the heat passing therethrough about said conduit or toward said outlet opening, and thermostatically operated means governed bythe temperature of the gases passing through said mixing chamber for controlling the position of said damper.

12. In a device of the class described comprising a mixing chamber having air plug member and having the head section clamped endwise between the plug end of said plug member and said chamber to form liquid-tight joints.

13. In a device of the class described comprising 'a mixing chamber and a fuel supply chamber operatively connected therewith, said fuel Supply chamber having a lateral extension forming a valve chamber, of

a valve bushing fitting the opening in said valve chamber and having the outer face thereof ground to a valve seat, and a thread--,

ed central orifice reduced to a needle-valve opening at the inner end of said bushing, a

p111 plug end ground to a valve seat, and a tubular extension threaded into the central orifice in said valvebushing, said tubular portion having lateral orifices therethrough, a

, T-shaped member having the head 'extremiw ties ground to valve faces and clamped be'-.

tween said valve bushing and the end of said plug member about the tubular portion thereof, and. a cylindrically shaped screen member having the inner face of the contained within said T member about the tubular portion of said plug member.

14. A device of theclass described comprising a mixing chamber having air inlet port openings, a valve controlling said port openings, a heating chamber beneath said mixing chamber and having a metallic wall, means for supplying a heating fluid to said chamber to heat the same, a conduit communicat-ing with said mixing chamber and extending through said heating chamber and formed of a high electricalresistance metal having one end thereof insulated and the other end thereof electrically connected with the wall of said heating chamber, means for supplying a liquid hydrocarbon to the interior of said conduit, and means for conducting an electric current to the insulated end of said conduit and to the Wall of said heating chamber. 7

15.. The combination with a hydrocarbon motor, intake and exhaust assages therefor,

' an enlargement in said-ex aust passages, a conduit associated with said enlargement for conducting an explosive-mixture to said intake passage, and means for causing a portion or all of the exhaust gases to make a circuitous path within said exhaust passage,

to heat the mixture in said conduit.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

CHARLES R. SHORT. 

